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Timekeeping Accuracy Dial Component Damage
Sapphire Crystal Date / Moon‑Phase Malfunction Water Intrusion
External factors including temperature, magnetic fields and physical shock may interfere with watch timekeeping accuracy. Temperature variations alter the working length of the hairspring and balance‑wheel inertia, directly affecting chronometric performance. Mechanical watches contain multiple steel components such as wheels and escape‑wheel assemblies, making them susceptible to magnetism. Physical impact is another major cause of timing deviation.
Falling‑off hands, indices and diamond‑set decorations are common failures. Dial indices are mostly inlaid or glued. Under severe impact exceeding material tolerance, hands and markers may become detached.
Sapphire crystal is synthetic compressed crystal featuring high density and scratch‑resistant hardness. Nevertheless, hard material is inherently brittle. Sapphire crystal is not shock‑proof and may crack under collision, heavy pressure or drop impact. Under regular wearing conditions, sapphire crystal offers sufficient durability. Cracks frequently occur when the watch is dropped or struck.
Abnormal axial meshing between calendar gear trains and hands‑setting wheels causes intermittent engagement or disengagement. Manual date adjustment is required for short‑month and long‑month transitions on many mechanical watches. Avoid adjusting the date during automatic calendar switching hours to prevent calendar jamming or component damage.
Water may penetrate through gaps between crystal and case, stem‑tube clearance, and case‑back joints. New factory‑produced watches feature elastic rubber gaskets coated with waterproof grease for reliable water‑resistance. As waterproof gaskets age and harden, water‑resistance degrades, which is why periodic watch servicing is essential.